Published - Thu, 23 Feb 2023

NCLEX-PN Exam Questions - Part 112

1. A client who has a known history of cardiac problems and is still smoking enters the clinic complaining of sudden onset of sharp, stabbing pain that intensifies with a deep breath. The pain is occurring on only one side and can be isolated upon general assessment. The nurse concludes that this description is most likely caused by:

A) pleurisy.
B) pleural effusion.
C) atelectasis.
D) tuberculosis.

2. One drug can alter the absorption of another drug. One drug increases intestinal motility. Which effect does this have on the second drug?

A) None; absorption of the second drug is not affected.
B) The increased gut motility increases the absorption of the second drug.
C) The absorption of the second drug cannot be predicted.
D) Less of the second drug is absorbed.

3. A client asks a nurse working in a dental office what type of drug the dentist uses to provide anesthesia during the extraction of the clients wisdom teeth. The dentist uses an anesthetic gas, also known as laughing gas. This agent is:

A) nitrous oxide.
B) nitrogen.
C) nitric oxide.
D) nitrogen dioxide.

4. Why is it often necessary to draw a complete blood count and differential (CBC/differential) when a client is being treated with an antiepileptic drug (AED)?

A) The hematocrit is adversely affected because of an increased vascular volume.
B) AEDs affect immune modulators increasing the risk of infection.
C) AEDs induce white blood cell reduction.
D) A side effect of some AEDs is blood dyscrasia.

5. To manage time most effectively, the nurse responds to which of the following stimuli first:

A) the physician - s loud verbal direction.
B) the nursing supervisor who is going to a meeting.
C) unit staff leaving on a break.
D) the care needs of the returning postoperative client just exiting the elevator.

1. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Pleurisy is an inflammation of the pleura and is often accompanied by abrupt onset of pain. Symptoms of pleurisy are abrupt pain that is usually unilateral and localized to a specific portion of the chest. The pain is sharp, stabbing, and might radiate to the neck or shoulder. Pressure changes caused by breathing, movement, or coughing intensify the pain. Other symptoms might include fever, cough (dry, hacking), localized tenderness, diminished breath sounds, tachypnea, and pleural friction rub. Physiological Adaptation

2. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Because most oral mediations are absorbed in the intestine, increased motility moves the second drug through the system faster, thus decreasing the absorption time and the amount taken up by the intestine. Pharmacological Therapies

3. Right Answer: A
Explanation: Nitrous oxide produces analgesia and is often used for minor surgery and dental procedures that do not require loss of consciousness. It can also produce a mild euphoria in some clients. Nitrogen is a nonmetallic element that constitutes nearly four-fifths of the air by volume, occurring as a colorless, odorless, almost inert diatomic gas, N2, in various minerals and in all proteins. Nitric oxide is a potent vasodilator of vascular smooth muscle. It is produced from L arginine. Nitrogen dioxide is a poisonous brown gas, NO2, often found in smog and automobile exhaust fumes. Pharmacological Therapies

4. Right Answer: D
Explanation: Some AEDs cause aplastic anemia and megaloblastic anemia. Choices 1, 2, and 3 are not side effects of AEDs.Pharmacological Therapies

5. Right Answer: D
Explanation: While many environmental stimuli might compete for attention and time, the client care needs of complex or unstable clients and those requiring assessment and care must take priority. Coordinated Care

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